Against US Monopoly Control of
Information and Communications Technology
Any attempt
to make ICT fully accessible and beneficial to the majority of peoples of
the world, should first and foremost address the imperialist plunder, the
widespread poverty and uneven economic development of the different
countries.
By Prof. Jose Maria Sison
Posted by Bulatlat
The arrogance and drive for profit of the United States and other
monopolists of information and communications technology (ICT) are well
exposed in the World Summit on Information Society (WSIS). The impositions
of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and World Intellectual Property
Organizations render inutile any high-sounding rhetorics about freedom and
equity in the WSIS Declaration of Principles.
As the supposed response of the United Nations (UN) on the growing gap
between rich capitalist countries and poor countries on Internet access
and ICT development, the second phase of the WSIS in Tunis is touted as
the occasion to finalize Internet governance policies and the plan for the
mobilization of resources to bridge the worldwide "digital divide."
The extent of the digital divide can be visualized in the September 2005
report of
www.worldInternetstats.com, which shows that only 28 countries
worldwide have more than 50% of their population connected to the
Internet, while Internet penetration for other countries is only about
8.1%. This demonstrates that all other countries, excluding the 28
countries, have very inadequate ICT infrastructures.
It is not enough, however, to merely interpret this unequal development in
ICT infrastructures as a "digital divide". More importantly,this must be
viewed as a clear manifestation of the unequal economic development
between capitalists countries and poor countries. The Economist.com has
correctly pointed out the deeper reason of the "digital divide," --is
that, "Fewer people in poor countries than in rich ones own computers and
have access to the Internet simply because they are too poor, (and) have
other more pressing concerns, such as food, health care and security."
The WSIS Tunis summit is more concerned about Internet Governance (IG) and
about balancing the dominance of US state power and its private monopolies
in the industry on the one hand and the demands of Europe and China. It
does not focus on the need to find solutions for the above hindrances to
instant communications access, so that
achievements may be possible in WSIS' avowed goal to build an open and
free Information society.
WSIS' approach to Internet governance is to treat uneven ICT development
as a purely technical and regulation concern. And yet the reality is that
developed countries are making available through technological
innovations alternatives to address these technical concerns of Internet
governance.
For instance, in the management of the domain name system, the control of
ICANN or any other entity should not hinder the creation of additional
top-level domains (.com, .org, .net). The use and management of country
code top-level domains (.ph, .fr, .uk, .us) would be more fair if these
were handed over to corresponding countries to allow these to exercise
their sovereignty. The domain name system is being managed as if there
were a scarcity of domain names, but in reality this scarcity is conjured
by the current managers of domain names as a means for gaining more
profit.
In terms of the allocation of IP addresses, the transition to Internet
Protocol version 6 (IPv6) will solve the concern of using up all of IP
addresses in the current Internet Protocol version 4. The Regional
Internet Registries that will manage the allocation of these addresses
should, therefore, not be discriminatory in allocating addresses to member
countries.
However, the use of such technical alternatives and other upcoming
discoveries are at the mercy of a very few developed capitalist countries
that have the monopoly on ICT-related products and infrastructure. The
direction of ICT development is still dictated by this monopolist agenda
of those who own, have control over, and access to resources to pursue ICT
research and development.
As for intellectual property rights (IPR) protection laws, there is,
indeed, a need to give due recognition to innovators, inventors,
researchers and other intellectuals for their contributions to new ideas,
procedures and the like, but this should not allow the multinational firms
in actual control of these rights to use them to impede and prevent the
open and free access of this new information that may be beneficial to the
people. The TRIPS restricts this free access and gives more undeserved
profits to entities that have the resource monopoly to do groundbreaking
information and communications technology research.
IPR protection is governed by the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of
Intellectual Property Rights and the WSIS adheres to the WTO's regulatory
framework. Furthermore, WSIS recommends the development of Internet
connectivity through Official Development Assistance (ODA), foreign direct
investments and public-private big business ventures. This does not augur
well for the poor and developing
countries, given the exploitative and oppressive terms that they have
suffered with regards to the conditionalities of ODA and such other
foreign debt protocols.
In short, the WSIS is being used to facilitate and reinforce the WTO's
onerous agreements that allow the unhindered market expansion of advanced
capitalist countries to the third world where ICT-related industry is
almost non-existent. And given that the main source of ICT equipment,
software and services are from the richest countries, the poor
underdeveloped countries are made the dumping ground of the consumerist
technology surplus that may be inappropriate to the real time needs of the
countries concerned. Instead of having the opportunity to use ICT to help
poor countries develop, ICT has become another "chain" that binds them to
the control of the imperialist countries.
Any attempt, therefore, to make ICT fully accessible and beneficial to the
majority of peoples of the world, should first and foremost address the
imperialist plunder, the widespread poverty and uneven economic
development of the different countries. To do so, it must not turn a blind
eye on the monopoly control of ICT of only a few corporations from the
imperialist countries; on the fact that accessibility to ICT is very much
related to the political and economic system of each particular country;
on the unequal and exploitative and oppressive economic and political
relations of the rich and poor countries; and on the reality that the WTO,
with the US and other monopolists in full control, and its agreements are
mere instruments of monopoly capitalists that further impoverish billions
of people in the majority of countries in the world.
The WSIS Tunis summit is bound to be used by the monopolists to further
perpetuate their control over ICT. It is very much within the framework of
keeping the US hegemony over ICT and harmonizing the relations of the
monopoly firms in various imperialist countries at the expense of the
underdeveloped countries. The US and other imperialist powers are
motivated by the drive for monopoly profits and the use of ICT to
propagate pro-imperialist ideas and block progressive ideas in the name of
national security and counter-terrorism
The WSIS' “dream” of an Information Society "where everyone can create,
access, utilize and share information and knowledge", and where ICT can
enable "individuals, communities and peoples to achieve their full
potential in promoting their sustainable development and improving their
quality of life" will just remain as it is: a dream. Posted by Bulatlat
This
was a statement issued by the authors on the World Summit on Information
Society. Prof. Jose Maria Sison is the chairperson of the International
Coordinating Committee of International League of People’s Struggle
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